Ku nganda zikora ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu kinyejana cya 21, nta mpaka zivuga ko ari ngombwa kubaka uburyo bushya bw’ubwenge kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza umutungo w’ibidukikije ndetse n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro, kumenyekanisha ibikoresho bya tekiniki, kureba uburyo bwo kugenzura umusaruro, guhuza amakuru. , hamwe no gucunga ubumenyi bwa siyansi no gufata ibyemezo.Intelligentisation nayo yabaye inzira byanze bikunze yo guhindura no kuzamura inganda zamabuye y'agaciro.
Kugeza ubu, ibirombe byo mu gihugu biri mu cyiciro cyinzibacyuho kuva mu buryo bwikora kugera mu bwenge, kandi ibirombe byiza ni urugero rwiza mu iterambere!Uyu munsi, reka turebe bimwe mu birombe byiza byubwenge kandi duhana kandi twige nawe.
1. Kiruna Iron Ore Mine, Suwede
Ikirombe cya Kiruna giherereye mu majyaruguru ya Suwede, mu birometero 200 mu burebure bwa Arctique, kandi ni kimwe mu birindiro by'amabuye y'agaciro maremare ku isi.Muri icyo gihe, Kiruna Iron Mine nicyo kirombe kinini cyo munsi y'ubutaka ku isi kandi ikirombe cyonyine gikomeye cyane gikoreshwa mu Burayi.
Kiruna Iron Mine yamenye mubyukuri ubucukuzi bwubwenge butagira abapilote.Usibye abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga isura yo munsi y'ubutaka, nta bandi bakozi bahari.Ibikorwa hafi ya byose birangizwa na mudasobwa ya kure igizwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura, kandi urwego rwo kwikora ruri hejuru cyane.
Ubwenge bwa Kiruna Iron Mine bwunguka cyane cyane mugukoresha ibikoresho binini bya mashini, sisitemu yo kugenzura kure yubwenge hamwe na sisitemu yubuyobozi bugezweho.Sisitemu n'ibikoresho byikora cyane kandi bifite ubwenge nurufunguzo rwo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro neza kandi neza.
1) Gukuramo ubushakashatsi:
Kiruna Iron Mine ifata shaft + ramp hamwe ubushakashatsi.Muri iki kirombe harimo ibiti bitatu, bikoreshwa mu guhumeka, ubutare no guterura imyanda.Abakozi, ibikoresho nibikoresho bitwarwa cyane cyane kumurongo n'ibikoresho bidafite inzira.Igikoresho nyamukuru cyo guterura giherereye kumaguru yumubiri wamabuye.Kugeza ubu, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro hamwe na sisitemu nkuru yo gutwara abantu byamanutse inshuro 6, kandi urwego nyamukuru rwo gutwara abantu ni 1045m.
2) Gucukura no guturika:
Jumbo yo gucukura urutare ikoreshwa mugucukura umuhanda, kandi jumbo ifite ibikoresho bipima ibyuma bya elegitoroniki bipima bitatu, bishobora kumenya neza aho gucukura.Simbaw469 igenzura kure ya jumbo yakozwe na Sosiyete ya Atlas muri Suwede ikoreshwa mu gucukura amabuye ahagarara.Ikamyo ikoresha sisitemu ya laser kugirango ihagarare neza, idafite abadereva, kandi irashobora gukora amasaha 24.
3) Gutwara amabuye ya kure no gutwara no guterura:
Muri Kiruna Iron Mine, ibikorwa byubwenge kandi byikora byaragaragaye mugucukura amabuye, gupakira no guterura ahagarara, kandi jumbos na scrapers zidafite umushoferi byagaragaye.
Toro2500E scraper ya kure yakozwe na Sandvik ikoreshwa mugutwara amabuye, hamwe nubushobozi bumwe bwa 500t / h.Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa sisitemu yo gutwara abantu munsi yubutaka: gutwara umukandara no gutwara gari ya moshi.Ubwikorezi bwikurikiranwa busanzwe bugizwe na tramari 8.Tramcar ni ikamyo yo hasi yimodoka ikomeza gupakira no gupakurura.Umuyoboro wumukandara uhita utwara amabuye avuye kumeneka kugeza kubikoresho bipima, bikarangiza gupakira no gupakurura hamwe na skip skip.Inzira yose igenzurwa kure.
4) Kugenzura kure ya tekinoroji yo gutera inkunga tekinoroji hamwe no gukoresha tekinoroji:
Umuhanda ushyigikiwe ninkunga ihuriweho na firime, beto na mesh, byuzuzwa na spray ya kure ya beto.Inkoni ya ankeri hamwe no gushimangira mesh byashyizweho na ankor inkoni ya trolley.
2. "Future Mines" ya Rio Tinto
Niba Kiruna Iron Mine ihagarariye kuzamura ubwenge mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, gahunda ya "Future Mine" yatangijwe na Rio Tinto mu 2008 izayobora icyerekezo cyo guteza imbere ubwenge mu birombe by'icyuma mu bihe biri imbere.
Pilbara, aha ni agace gatukura kijimye gatwikiriwe n'ingese, kandi ni agace kazwi cyane mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ku isi.Rio Tinto yishimiye ibirombe byayo 15 hano.Ariko aha hantu hacukurwa amabuye y'agaciro, urashobora kumva imikorere yimashini zubwubatsi, ariko abakozi bake gusa ni bo bashobora kuboneka.
Abakozi ba Rio Tinto barihe?Igisubizo ni kilometero 1500 uvuye mumujyi wa Perth.
Mu kigo cya kure cya Rio Tinto Pace, ecran nini kandi ndende hejuru yerekana aho inzira yo gutwara amabuye y'icyuma iri hagati ya mine 15, ibyambu 4 na gari ya moshi 24 - gari ya moshi irimo gupakira (gupakurura), nigihe kingana bizatwara kurangiza gupakira (gupakurura);Ni iyihe gari ya moshi ikora, kandi bizatwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ugere ku cyambu;Icyambu kirimo gupakira, toni zingahe zapakiwe, nibindi, byose bifite igihe-nyacyo cyo kwerekana.
Igice cya Rio Tinto gicukura amabuye y'agaciro cyakoraga sisitemu nini nini ku isi.Amato atwara abantu agizwe namakamyo 73 arakoreshwa mubice bitatu byamabuye y'agaciro muri Pilbara.Sisitemu yamakamyo yikora yagabanije ibiciro bya Rio Tinto byo gutwara no gutwara 15%.
Rio Tinto ifite gari ya moshi zayo na gari ya moshi zifite ubwenge mu Burengerazuba bwa Ositaraliya, zifite uburebure bwa kilometero zirenga 1700.Iyi gari ya moshi 24 ikora amasaha 24 kumunsi munsi yubugenzuzi bwa kure bwikigo cya kure.Kugeza ubu, sisitemu ya gari ya moshi ya Rio Tinto irimo gukemurwa.Sisitemu ya gariyamoshi imaze gukoreshwa neza, izaba iyambere kwisi yose yuzuye, sisitemu ndende yo gutwara gari ya moshi ndende.
Aya mabuye y'icyuma apakirwa mu mato binyuze mu kohereza ikigo cya kure gishinzwe kugenzura no kugera kuri Zhanjiang, Shanghai no ku bindi byambu byo mu Bushinwa.Nyuma, irashobora kujyanwa muri Qingdao, Tangshan, Dalian no ku bindi byambu, cyangwa kuva ku cyambu cya Shanghai ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Yangtze kugera mu gihugu cy'Ubushinwa.
3. Shougang Digital Mine
Muri rusange, guhuza inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro n’ibyuma (inganda n’ikoranabuhanga) biri ku rwego rwo hasi, inyuma y’izindi nganda zo mu gihugu.Icyakora, hamwe n’igihugu gikomeje kwitabwaho no gushyigikirwa, gukundwa n’ibikoresho bishushanya hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga hamwe n’igipimo cyo kugenzura umubare w’ibikorwa byingenzi bigenda byinjira mu bigo bimwe na bimwe binini kandi buciriritse bucukura amabuye y'agaciro mu gihugu byatejwe imbere ku rugero runaka, kandi urwego rwa ubwenge nabwo buriyongera.
Dufashe Shougang nk'urugero, Shougang yubatsemo ikirombe cya digitale muri rusange urwego enye ruhagaritse na bine zihagaritse, bikwiye kwigira kuri.
Zone enye: porogaramu GIS sisitemu yamakuru ya geografiya, sisitemu yo gukora umusaruro wa MES, sisitemu yo gucunga umutungo wa ERP, sisitemu yamakuru.
Inzego enye: gukwirakwiza ibikoresho byibanze, inzira yumusaruro, gukora umusaruro na gahunda yumutungo wimishinga.
Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro:
.
.
.Sisitemu niyambere mubushinwa, kandi ibyagezweho mubuhanga bigeze kurwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere.
Inyungu:
Sisitemu yo kugenzura imikorere yibikorwa: gukurikirana ibipimo bigera kuri 150 nkibikoresho byumuriro wumupira wamashanyarazi, gutondekanya amanota, gusya hamwe, gukwirakwiza imbaraga za magnetiki, nibindi, gukora neza mugihe cyibikorwa byogukora hamwe nibikoresho, no kunoza igihe nubumenyi bwibikorwa byateganijwe.
4. Ibibazo mu birombe byubwenge byo murugo
Kugeza ubu, inganda nini zo mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro zo mu gihugu zashyize mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gucunga no kugenzura mu buryo bwose bwo gucunga no kugenzura, ariko urwego rwo kwishyira hamwe ruracyari hasi, akaba ari yo ngingo y'ingenzi igomba gucibwa mu ntambwe ikurikira y'inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro.Mubyongeyeho, hari n'ibibazo bikurikira:
1. Ibigo ntibitondera bihagije.Nyuma yo gushyira mubikorwa ibyibanze byibanze, akenshi ntibihagije guha agaciro ubwubatsi bwa nyuma.
2. Ishoramari ridahagije muri informatisation.Bitewe nisoko nibindi bintu, ibigo ntibishobora kwemeza ishoramari rihoraho kandi rihamye, bigatuma iterambere ryihuta ryumushinga wo guhuza inganda ninganda.
3. Hano harabuze impano zishingiye kumakuru.Ubwubatsi bwa informatisation bukubiyemo itumanaho rigezweho, kumva no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru, ubwenge bwubukorikori nizindi nzego zumwuga, kandi ibisabwa kubuhanga nimbaraga za tekinike bizaba byinshi cyane ugereranije niki cyiciro.Kugeza ubu, ingufu za tekiniki za mine nyinshi mu Bushinwa ni nkeya.
Nibimina bitatu byubwenge byagejejweho.Basubiye inyuma mubushinwa, ariko bafite iterambere ryinshi.Kugeza ubu, Sishanling Iron Mine irimo kubakwa ifite ubwenge, ibisabwa byinshi hamwe n’ibipimo bihanitse, kandi tuzategereza turebe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-15-2022